Molluscum Contagiosum: Causes, Treatments, and What You Need to Know

When you notice small, round, flesh-colored bumps on your skin—especially on your arms, legs, or face—it could be molluscum contagiosum, a harmless but contagious viral skin infection caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus. Also known as water warts, it’s most common in kids but can affect adults too, especially those with weakened immune systems or who engage in close skin contact. Unlike acne or eczema, these bumps aren’t itchy or painful at first, but they can spread if scratched or rubbed. The virus lives in the top layer of skin and moves easily through direct touch, shared towels, or swimming pools.

Molluscum contagiosum is part of the poxvirus family and doesn’t need to be treated to go away—most cases clear on their own in 6 to 12 months. But if the bumps are spreading fast, embarrassing, or bothering you, there are simple options. Doctors can freeze them off with cryotherapy, scrape them away with a curette, or prescribe topical treatments like cantharidin or imiquimod. For kids, many parents prefer waiting it out, but adults with visible bumps often choose faster removal to avoid spreading it to partners or coworkers.

It’s not just about the bumps themselves—it’s about how they spread. If one person in a household has molluscum, others are at risk, especially if they share soap, towels, or clothing. Athletes, swimmers, and people who get regular massages or waxing are also more likely to catch it. The virus doesn’t live long on surfaces, but it thrives in warm, moist places. Keeping skin clean and dry, avoiding picking at bumps, and covering them with a bandage during contact sports can cut transmission dramatically.

What’s often misunderstood is that molluscum isn’t a sign of poor hygiene. Even clean, healthy people get it. It’s not linked to sexual activity unless the bumps appear in the genital area—in which case, it’s still a skin virus, not an STD like herpes or HPV. Still, if you’re sexually active and notice bumps in intimate areas, it’s worth seeing a doctor to rule out other conditions.

There’s no vaccine for molluscum, and over-the-counter wart removers won’t work. Home remedies like tea tree oil or apple cider vinegar are popular, but there’s little proof they help. The best defense? Awareness. If you or your child develops these bumps, don’t panic. Don’t scratch. Don’t share towels. And don’t ignore them—knowing what to expect helps you manage them without stress.

Below, you’ll find real, practical guides on how to handle molluscum contagiosum in daily life—from managing outbreaks at school to understanding when to see a dermatologist. We also cover related skin conditions that look similar, like warts or eczema, so you can tell the difference. No fluff. No fear-mongering. Just what works.